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Bihar is located in the eastern part of the country (between 83°-30' to 88°-00' longitude). It is an entirely land–locked state, although the outlet to the sea through the port of Kolkata is not far away. Bihar lies mid-way between the humid West Bengal in the east and the sub humid Uttar Pradesh in the west which provides it with a transitional position in respect of climate, economy and culture. It is bounded by Nepal in the north and by Jharkhand in the south. The Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganga which flows through the middle from west to east.

The state of Andhra Pradesh, which is located on the south east coast of the peninsular India, like the other states of the country, even includes local self governments within its state government. These regional self governments look after the development of the state. Apart from implementing different kinds of governmental as well as non-governmental projects, they are even responsible for maintaining a balance in between the development in the rural and the urban areas of this state of south India. The local self government of this state can broadly be categorized into the 2 following types 1. Municipal Administration and 2. Panchayat Raj