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NANOARCH is a workshop that will investigate novel defect and fault tolerance architectures based on highly unreliable nanoelectronics. The workshop will be a forum for presenting theoretical, simulation and case studies on new defect models, defect and fault tolerance architectures, associated experimental reliability evaluation and validation frameworks and computer aided simulation and design tools for emerging nanoelectronics.

BOILER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Q. What is boiler. A. According to Indian Boiler Act 1923, a boiler is a closed pressure vessel / steam generating unit with minimum capacity of 22.70 liters, including all mountings and accessories. Q. What is circulation ratio of a boiler. A. It is the ratio of the quantity of water-steam mixture flowing through the circuit to the quantity of steam produced in the circuit , The circulation ratio of once through / super critical boiler is one because all water Is converted to steam. The circulation ratios of 1. Natural circulation industrial boiler - 10 to 15 2. Natural circulation utility boiler - 7 to 9 3. Assisted circulation boilers - 2 to 4 4. Forced circulation / once through boiler - 1 Q What are the boiler mountings. A. The boiler mountings are used for safe and efficient operation of boiler, these are placed in out side of the boiler. 1. Safety valve. 2.pressure gauge. 3.Water level gauge glass.. Pressure gauge. 4. Start-up vent. 5.Air vent. 5.Manhole. Q. What are boiler accessories. A. These are the integral part of boiler which help to run the boiler most efficiently These are, 1. Super heater. 2. Economizer. 3.Air pre- heater. 4.ID and FD fans. 5. Ash handling system. 6.Dosing system. 7. Soot blower. 8.De super heating system. Q. What is turn down ratio of boiler. A. It is the operating range of boiler from maximum capacity to minimum capacity in which the boiler can run efficiently without any external fuel support . The higher turn down ratio greater the efficiency of boiler. For example if the boiler is designed 80mw and can operate up to 20mw without any external fuel support and any variations of parameter then the turn down ratio is 80/20=4. Q. What is boiler efficiency. A. It is the ratio of heat output to heat input of the boiler. Boiler efficiency= Heat output / hea